If thorin is wanting to know what to do, why does he not accept Roacs advice?
On page 240(in the book with the river and Gandalf on front) Thorin says that," The arkenstone of my father is worth more than gold in itself." So I think he doesn't want to give up just yet because he has the drive and fight in him to keep his father's legend alive. Plus he has been working so hard the whole time and now that they have finally made it he figures there is no sense in letting anything go without a fight!!! It is really special to be fighting for your father who has passed on so I'm sure it makes him all the more obstinate!!!!!